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/*-
* See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
*
* Copyright (c) 1997,2008 Oracle. All rights reserved.
*
* $Id: ex_tpcb.c,v 12.11 2008/04/21 23:46:02 alexg Exp $
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#define NS_PER_MS 1000000 /* Nanoseconds in a millisecond */
#define NS_PER_US 1000 /* Nanoseconds in a microsecond */
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <sys/timeb.h>
extern int getopt(int, char * const *, const char *);
/* Implement a basic high res timer with a POSIX interface for Windows. */
struct timeval {
time_t tv_sec;
long tv_usec;
};
int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)
{
struct _timeb now;
_ftime(&now);
tv->tv_sec = now.time;
tv->tv_usec = now.millitm * NS_PER_US;
return (0);
}
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#endif
#include <db.h>
typedef enum { ACCOUNT, BRANCH, TELLER } FTYPE;
DB_ENV *db_init __P((const char *, const char *, int, u_int32_t));
int hpopulate __P((DB *, int, int, int, int));
int populate __P((DB *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, int, const char *));
u_int32_t random_id __P((FTYPE, int, int, int));
u_int32_t random_int __P((u_int32_t, u_int32_t));
int tp_populate __P((DB_ENV *, int, int, int, int, int));
int tp_run __P((DB_ENV *, int, int, int, int, int));
int tp_txn __P((DB_ENV *, DB *, DB *, DB *, DB *, int, int, int, int));
int invarg __P((const char *, int, const char *));
int main __P((int, char *[]));
int usage __P((const char *));
/*
* This program implements a basic TPC/B driver program. To create the
* TPC/B database, run with the -i (init) flag. The number of records
* with which to populate the account, history, branch, and teller tables
* is specified by the a, s, b, and t flags respectively. To run a TPC/B
* test, use the n flag to indicate a number of transactions to run (note
* that you can run many of these processes in parallel to simulate a
* multiuser test run).
*/
#define TELLERS_PER_BRANCH 10
#define ACCOUNTS_PER_TELLER 10000
#define HISTORY_PER_BRANCH 2592000
/*
* The default configuration that adheres to TPCB scaling rules requires
* nearly 3 GB of space. To avoid requiring that much space for testing,
* we set the parameters much lower. If you want to run a valid 10 TPS
* configuration, define VALID_SCALING.
*/
#ifdef VALID_SCALING
#define ACCOUNTS 1000000
#define BRANCHES 10
#define TELLERS 100
#define HISTORY 25920000
#endif
#ifdef TINY
#define ACCOUNTS 1000
#define BRANCHES 10
#define TELLERS 100
#define HISTORY 10000
#endif
#ifdef VERY_TINY
#define ACCOUNTS 500
#define BRANCHES 10
#define TELLERS 50
#define HISTORY 5000
#endif
#if !defined(VALID_SCALING) && !defined(TINY) && !defined(VERY_TINY)
#define ACCOUNTS 100000
#define BRANCHES 10
#define TELLERS 100
#define HISTORY 259200
#endif
#define HISTORY_LEN 100
#define RECLEN 100
#define BEGID 1000000
typedef struct _defrec {
u_int32_t id;
u_int32_t balance;
u_int8_t pad[RECLEN - sizeof(u_int32_t) - sizeof(u_int32_t)];
} defrec;
typedef struct _histrec {
u_int32_t aid;
u_int32_t bid;
u_int32_t tid;
u_int32_t amount;
u_int8_t pad[RECLEN - 4 * sizeof(u_int32_t)];
} histrec;
char *progname = "ex_tpcb"; /* Program name. */
int
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
extern char *optarg;
extern int optind;
DB_ENV *dbenv;
int accounts, branches, seed, tellers, history;
int ch, iflag, mpool, ntxns, ret, txn_no_sync, verbose;
const char *home;
home = "TESTDIR";
accounts = branches = history = tellers = 0;
iflag = mpool = ntxns = txn_no_sync = verbose = 0;
seed = (int)time(NULL);
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "a:b:c:fh:in:S:s:t:v")) != EOF)
switch (ch) {
case 'a': /* Number of account records */
if ((accounts = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
return (invarg(progname, ch, optarg));
break;
case 'b': /* Number of branch records */
if ((branches = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
return (invarg(progname, ch, optarg));
break;
case 'c': /* Cachesize in bytes */
if ((mpool = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
return (invarg(progname, ch, optarg));
break;
case 'f': /* Fast mode: no txn sync. */
txn_no_sync = 1;
break;
case 'h': /* DB home. */
home = optarg;
break;
case 'i': /* Initialize the test. */
iflag = 1;
break;
case 'n': /* Number of transactions */
if ((ntxns = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
return (invarg(progname, ch, optarg));
break;
case 'S': /* Random number seed. */
if ((seed = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
return (invarg(progname, ch, optarg));
break;
case 's': /* Number of history records */
if ((history = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
return (invarg(progname, ch, optarg));
break;
case 't': /* Number of teller records */
if ((tellers = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
return (invarg(progname, ch, optarg));
break;
case 'v': /* Verbose option. */
verbose = 1;
break;
case '?':
default:
return (usage(progname));
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
srand((u_int)seed);
/* Initialize the database environment. */
if ((dbenv = db_init(home,
progname, mpool, txn_no_sync ? DB_TXN_NOSYNC : 0)) == NULL)
return (EXIT_FAILURE);
accounts = accounts == 0 ? ACCOUNTS : accounts;
branches = branches == 0 ? BRANCHES : branches;
tellers = tellers == 0 ? TELLERS : tellers;
history = history == 0 ? HISTORY : history;
if (verbose)
printf("%ld Accounts, %ld Branches, %ld Tellers, %ld History\n",
(long)accounts, (long)branches,
(long)tellers, (long)history);
if (iflag) {
if (ntxns != 0)
return (usage(progname));
tp_populate(dbenv,
accounts, branches, history, tellers, verbose);
} else {
if (ntxns == 0)
return (usage(progname));
tp_run(dbenv, ntxns, accounts, branches, tellers, verbose);
}
if ((ret = dbenv->close(dbenv, 0)) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: dbenv->close failed: %s\n",
progname, db_strerror(ret));
return (EXIT_FAILURE);
}
return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
int
invarg(progname, arg, str)
const char *progname;
int arg;
const char *str;
{
(void)fprintf(stderr,
"%s: invalid argument for -%c: %s\n", progname, arg, str);
return (EXIT_FAILURE);
}
int
usage(progname)
const char *progname;
{
const char *a1, *a2;
a1 = "[-fv] [-a accounts] [-b branches]\n";
a2 = "\t[-c cache_size] [-h home] [-S seed] [-s history] [-t tellers]";
(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s -i %s %s\n", progname, a1, a2);
(void)fprintf(stderr,
" %s -n transactions %s %s\n", progname, a1, a2);
return (EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/*
* db_init --
* Initialize the environment.
*/
DB_ENV *
db_init(home, prefix, cachesize, flags)
const char *home, *prefix;
int cachesize;
u_int32_t flags;
{
DB_ENV *dbenv;
u_int32_t local_flags;
int ret;
if ((ret = db_env_create(&dbenv, 0)) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: db_env_create: %s\n", progname, db_strerror(ret));
return (NULL);
}
dbenv->set_errfile(dbenv, stderr);
dbenv->set_errpfx(dbenv, prefix);
(void)dbenv->set_cachesize(dbenv, 0,
cachesize == 0 ? 4 * 1024 * 1024 : (u_int32_t)cachesize, 0);
if (flags & (DB_TXN_NOSYNC))
(void)dbenv->set_flags(dbenv, DB_TXN_NOSYNC, 1);
flags &= ~(DB_TXN_NOSYNC);
local_flags = flags | DB_CREATE | DB_INIT_LOCK | DB_INIT_LOG |
DB_INIT_MPOOL | DB_INIT_TXN;
if ((ret = dbenv->open(dbenv, home, local_flags, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "DB_ENV->open: %s", home);
(void)dbenv->close(dbenv, 0);
return (NULL);
}
return (dbenv);
}
/*
* Initialize the database to the specified number of accounts, branches,
* history records, and tellers.
*/
int
tp_populate(env, accounts, branches, history, tellers, verbose)
DB_ENV *env;
int accounts, branches, history, tellers, verbose;
{
DB *dbp;
u_int32_t balance, idnum, oflags;
u_int32_t end_anum, end_bnum, end_tnum;
u_int32_t start_anum, start_bnum, start_tnum;
int ret;
idnum = BEGID;
balance = 500000;
oflags = DB_CREATE;
if ((ret = db_create(&dbp, env, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "db_create");
return (1);
}
(void)dbp->set_h_nelem(dbp, (u_int32_t)accounts);
if ((ret = dbp->open(dbp, NULL, "account", NULL,
DB_HASH, oflags, 0644)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->open: account");
return (1);
}
start_anum = idnum;
populate(dbp, idnum, balance, accounts, "account");
idnum += accounts;
end_anum = idnum - 1;
if ((ret = dbp->close(dbp, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->close: account");
return (1);
}
if (verbose)
printf("Populated accounts: %ld - %ld\n",
(long)start_anum, (long)end_anum);
/*
* Since the number of branches is very small, we want to use very
* small pages and only 1 key per page, i.e., key-locking instead
* of page locking.
*/
if ((ret = db_create(&dbp, env, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "db_create");
return (1);
}
(void)dbp->set_h_ffactor(dbp, 1);
(void)dbp->set_h_nelem(dbp, (u_int32_t)branches);
(void)dbp->set_pagesize(dbp, 512);
if ((ret = dbp->open(dbp, NULL, "branch", NULL,
DB_HASH, oflags, 0644)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->open: branch");
return (1);
}
start_bnum = idnum;
populate(dbp, idnum, balance, branches, "branch");
idnum += branches;
end_bnum = idnum - 1;
if ((ret = dbp->close(dbp, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->close: branch");
return (1);
}
if (verbose)
printf("Populated branches: %ld - %ld\n",
(long)start_bnum, (long)end_bnum);
/*
* In the case of tellers, we also want small pages, but we'll let
* the fill factor dynamically adjust itself.
*/
if ((ret = db_create(&dbp, env, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "db_create");
return (1);
}
(void)dbp->set_h_ffactor(dbp, 0);
(void)dbp->set_h_nelem(dbp, (u_int32_t)tellers);
(void)dbp->set_pagesize(dbp, 512);
if ((ret = dbp->open(dbp, NULL, "teller", NULL,
DB_HASH, oflags, 0644)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->open: teller");
return (1);
}
start_tnum = idnum;
populate(dbp, idnum, balance, tellers, "teller");
idnum += tellers;
end_tnum = idnum - 1;
if ((ret = dbp->close(dbp, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->close: teller");
return (1);
}
if (verbose)
printf("Populated tellers: %ld - %ld\n",
(long)start_tnum, (long)end_tnum);
if ((ret = db_create(&dbp, env, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "db_create");
return (1);
}
(void)dbp->set_re_len(dbp, HISTORY_LEN);
if ((ret = dbp->open(dbp, NULL, "history", NULL,
DB_RECNO, oflags, 0644)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->open: history");
return (1);
}
hpopulate(dbp, history, accounts, branches, tellers);
if ((ret = dbp->close(dbp, 0)) != 0) {
env->err(env, ret, "DB->close: history");
return (1);
}
return (0);
}
int
populate(dbp, start_id, balance, nrecs, msg)
DB *dbp;
u_int32_t start_id, balance;
int nrecs;
const char *msg;
{
DBT kdbt, ddbt;
defrec drec;
int i, ret;
kdbt.flags = 0;
kdbt.data = &drec.id;
kdbt.size = sizeof(u_int32_t);
ddbt.flags = 0;
ddbt.data = &drec;
ddbt.size = sizeof(drec);
memset(&drec.pad[0], 1, sizeof(drec.pad));
for (i = 0; i < nrecs; i++) {
drec.id = start_id + (u_int32_t)i;
drec.balance = balance;
if ((ret =
(dbp->put)(dbp, NULL, &kdbt, &ddbt, DB_NOOVERWRITE)) != 0) {
dbp->err(dbp,
ret, "Failure initializing %s file\n", msg);
return (1);
}
}
return (0);
}
int
hpopulate(dbp, history, accounts, branches, tellers)
DB *dbp;
int history, accounts, branches, tellers;
{
DBT kdbt, ddbt;
histrec hrec;
db_recno_t key;
int i, ret;
memset(&kdbt, 0, sizeof(kdbt));
memset(&ddbt, 0, sizeof(ddbt));
ddbt.data = &hrec;
ddbt.size = sizeof(hrec);
kdbt.data = &key;
kdbt.size = sizeof(key);
memset(&hrec.pad[0], 1, sizeof(hrec.pad));
hrec.amount = 10;
for (i = 1; i <= history; i++) {
hrec.aid = random_id(ACCOUNT, accounts, branches, tellers);
hrec.bid = random_id(BRANCH, accounts, branches, tellers);
hrec.tid = random_id(TELLER, accounts, branches, tellers);
if ((ret = dbp->put(dbp, NULL, &kdbt, &ddbt, DB_APPEND)) != 0) {
dbp->err(dbp, ret, "dbp->put");
return (1);
}
}
return (0);
}
u_int32_t
random_int(lo, hi)
u_int32_t lo, hi;
{
u_int32_t ret;
int t;
#ifndef RAND_MAX
#define RAND_MAX 0x7fffffff
#endif
t = rand();
ret = (u_int32_t)(((double)t / ((double)(RAND_MAX) + 1)) *
(hi - lo + 1));
ret += lo;
return (ret);
}
u_int32_t
random_id(type, accounts, branches, tellers)
FTYPE type;
int accounts, branches, tellers;
{
u_int32_t min, max, num;
max = min = BEGID;
num = accounts;
switch (type) {
case TELLER:
min += branches;
num = tellers;
/* FALLTHROUGH */
case BRANCH:
if (type == BRANCH)
num = branches;
min += accounts;
/* FALLTHROUGH */
case ACCOUNT:
max = min + num - 1;
}
return (random_int(min, max));
}
int
tp_run(dbenv, n, accounts, branches, tellers, verbose)
DB_ENV *dbenv;
int n, accounts, branches, tellers, verbose;
{
DB *adb, *bdb, *hdb, *tdb;
int failed, ret, txns;
struct timeval start_tv, end_tv;
double start_time, end_time;
adb = bdb = hdb = tdb = NULL;
/*
* Open the database files.
*/
if ((ret = db_create(&adb, dbenv, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "db_create");
goto err;
}
if ((ret = adb->open(adb, NULL, "account", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "DB->open: account");
goto err;
}
if ((ret = db_create(&bdb, dbenv, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "db_create");
goto err;
}
if ((ret = bdb->open(bdb, NULL, "branch", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "DB->open: branch");
goto err;
}
if ((ret = db_create(&hdb, dbenv, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "db_create");
goto err;
}
if ((ret = hdb->open(hdb, NULL, "history", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "DB->open: history");
goto err;
}
if ((ret = db_create(&tdb, dbenv, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "db_create");
goto err;
}
if ((ret = tdb->open(tdb, NULL, "teller", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
dbenv->err(dbenv, ret, "DB->open: teller");
goto err;
}
(void)gettimeofday(&start_tv, NULL);
for (txns = n, failed = 0; n-- > 0;)
if ((ret = tp_txn(dbenv, adb, bdb, tdb, hdb,
accounts, branches, tellers, verbose)) != 0)
++failed;
(void)gettimeofday(&end_tv, NULL);
start_time = start_tv.tv_sec + ((start_tv.tv_usec + 0.0)/NS_PER_MS);
end_time = end_tv.tv_sec + ((end_tv.tv_usec + 0.0)/NS_PER_MS);
if (end_time == start_time)
end_time += 1/NS_PER_MS;
printf("%s: %d txns: %d failed, %.3f sec, %.2f TPS\n", progname,
txns, failed, (end_time - start_time),
(txns - failed) / (double)(end_time - start_time));
err: if (adb != NULL)
(void)adb->close(adb, 0);
if (bdb != NULL)
(void)bdb->close(bdb, 0);
if (tdb != NULL)
(void)tdb->close(tdb, 0);
if (hdb != NULL)
(void)hdb->close(hdb, 0);
return (ret == 0 ? 0 : 1);
}
/*
* XXX Figure out the appropriate way to pick out IDs.
*/
int
tp_txn(dbenv, adb, bdb, tdb, hdb, accounts, branches, tellers, verbose)
DB_ENV *dbenv;
DB *adb, *bdb, *tdb, *hdb;
int accounts, branches, tellers, verbose;
{
DBC *acurs, *bcurs, *tcurs;
DBT d_dbt, d_histdbt, k_dbt, k_histdbt;
DB_TXN *t;
db_recno_t key;
defrec rec;
histrec hrec;
int account, branch, teller, ret;
t = NULL;
acurs = bcurs = tcurs = NULL;
/*
* !!!
* This is sample code -- we could move a lot of this into the driver
* to make it faster.
*/
account = random_id(ACCOUNT, accounts, branches, tellers);
branch = random_id(BRANCH, accounts, branches, tellers);
teller = random_id(TELLER, accounts, branches, tellers);
memset(&d_histdbt, 0, sizeof(d_histdbt));
memset(&k_histdbt, 0, sizeof(k_histdbt));
k_histdbt.data = &key;
k_histdbt.size = sizeof(key);
memset(&k_dbt, 0, sizeof(k_dbt));
k_dbt.size = sizeof(int);
memset(&d_dbt, 0, sizeof(d_dbt));
d_dbt.flags = DB_DBT_USERMEM;
d_dbt.data = &rec;
d_dbt.ulen = sizeof(rec);
hrec.aid = account;
hrec.bid = branch;
hrec.tid = teller;
hrec.amount = 10;
/* Request 0 bytes since we're just positioning. */
d_histdbt.flags = DB_DBT_PARTIAL;
/*
* START PER-TRANSACTION TIMING.
*
* Technically, TPCB requires a limit on response time, you only get
* to count transactions that complete within 2 seconds. That's not
* an issue for this sample application -- regardless, here's where
* the transaction begins.
*/
if (dbenv->txn_begin(dbenv, NULL, &t, 0) != 0)
goto err;
if (adb->cursor(adb, t, &acurs, 0) != 0 ||
bdb->cursor(bdb, t, &bcurs, 0) != 0 ||
tdb->cursor(tdb, t, &tcurs, 0) != 0)
goto err;
/* Account record */
k_dbt.data = &account;
if (acurs->get(acurs, &k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_SET) != 0)
goto err;
rec.balance += 10;
if (acurs->put(acurs, &k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_CURRENT) != 0)
goto err;
/* Branch record */
k_dbt.data = &branch;
if (bcurs->get(bcurs, &k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_SET) != 0)
goto err;
rec.balance += 10;
if (bcurs->put(bcurs, &k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_CURRENT) != 0)
goto err;
/* Teller record */
k_dbt.data = &teller;
if (tcurs->get(tcurs, &k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_SET) != 0)
goto err;
rec.balance += 10;
if (tcurs->put(tcurs, &k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_CURRENT) != 0)
goto err;
/* History record */
d_histdbt.flags = 0;
d_histdbt.data = &hrec;
d_histdbt.ulen = sizeof(hrec);
if (hdb->put(hdb, t, &k_histdbt, &d_histdbt, DB_APPEND) != 0)
goto err;
if (acurs->close(acurs) != 0 || bcurs->close(bcurs) != 0 ||
tcurs->close(tcurs) != 0)
goto err;
ret = t->commit(t, 0);
t = NULL;
if (ret != 0)
goto err;
/* END PER-TRANSACTION TIMING. */
return (0);
err: if (acurs != NULL)
(void)acurs->close(acurs);
if (bcurs != NULL)
(void)bcurs->close(bcurs);
if (tcurs != NULL)
(void)tcurs->close(tcurs);
if (t != NULL)
(void)t->abort(t);
if (verbose)
printf("Transaction A=%ld B=%ld T=%ld failed\n",
(long)account, (long)branch, (long)teller);
return (-1);
}
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