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<div class="section" id="module-compileall">
<h1>31.11. <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">compileall</span></tt> — Byte-compile Python libraries<a class="headerlink" href="#module-compileall" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>This module provides some utility functions to support installing Python
libraries. These functions compile Python source files in a directory tree,
allowing users without permission to write to the libraries to take advantage of
cached byte-code files.</p>
<p>This module may also be used as a script (using the <a class="reference external" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-m"><em class="xref">-m</em></a> Python flag) to
compile Python sources. Directories to recursively traverse (passing
<em class="xref">-l</em> stops the recursive behavior) for sources are listed on the command
line. If no arguments are given, the invocation is equivalent to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-l</span>
<span class="pre">sys.path</span></tt>. Printing lists of the files compiled can be disabled with the
<em class="xref">-q</em> flag. In addition, the <a class="reference external" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-x"><em class="xref">-x</em></a> option takes a regular
expression argument. All files that match the expression will be skipped.</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="compileall.compile_dir">
<tt class="descclassname">compileall.</tt><tt class="descname">compile_dir</tt><big>(</big><em>dir</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>maxlevels</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>ddir</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>force</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>rx</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>quiet</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#compileall.compile_dir" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Recursively descend the directory tree named by <em>dir</em>, compiling all <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.py</span></tt>
files along the way. The <em>maxlevels</em> parameter is used to limit the depth of
the recursion; it defaults to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">10</span></tt>. If <em>ddir</em> is given, it is used as the
base path from which the filenames used in error messages will be generated.
If <em>force</em> is true, modules are re-compiled even if the timestamps are up to
date.</p>
<p>If <em>rx</em> is given, it specifies a regular expression of file names to exclude
from the search; that expression is searched for in the full path.</p>
<p>If <em>quiet</em> is true, nothing is printed to the standard output in normal
operation.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="compileall.compile_path">
<tt class="descclassname">compileall.</tt><tt class="descname">compile_path</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>skip_curdir</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>maxlevels</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>force</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#compileall.compile_path" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Byte-compile all the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.py</span></tt> files found along <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></tt>. If
<em>skip_curdir</em> is true (the default), the current directory is not included in
the search. The <em>maxlevels</em> and <em>force</em> parameters default to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></tt> and are
passed to the <a title="compileall.compile_dir" class="reference internal" href="#compileall.compile_dir"><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">compile_dir()</span></tt></a> function.</dd></dl>
<p>To force a recompile of all the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.py</span></tt> files in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Lib/</span></tt>
subdirectory and all its subdirectories:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">compileall</span>
<span class="n">compileall</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile_dir</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Lib/'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">force</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Perform same compilation, excluding files in .svn directories.</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">re</span>
<span class="n">compileall</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile_dir</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Lib/'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rx</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">re</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'/[.]svn'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">force</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<dl class="last docutils">
<dt>Module <a title="Generate byte-code files from Python source files." class="reference external" href="py_compile.html#module-py_compile"><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">py_compile</span></tt></a></dt>
<dd>Byte-compile a single source file.</dd>
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