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/*-
* See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
*
* Copyright (c) 1997,2008 Oracle. All rights reserved.
*
* $Id: TpcbExample.cpp,v 12.8 2008/01/08 20:58:26 bostic Exp $
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <db_cxx.h>
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
typedef enum { ACCOUNT, BRANCH, TELLER } FTYPE;
static int invarg(int, char *);
u_int32_t random_id(FTYPE, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, u_int32_t);
u_int32_t random_int(u_int32_t, u_int32_t);
static int usage(void);
int verbose;
const char *progname = "TpcbExample"; // Program name.
class TpcbExample : public DbEnv
{
public:
void populate(int, int, int, int);
void run(int, int, int, int);
int txn(Db *, Db *, Db *, Db *,
int, int, int);
void populateHistory(Db *, int, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, u_int32_t);
void populateTable(Db *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, int, const char *);
// Note: the constructor creates a DbEnv(), which is
// not fully initialized until the DbEnv::open() method
// is called.
//
TpcbExample(const char *home, int cachesize, int flags);
private:
static const char FileName[];
// no need for copy and assignment
TpcbExample(const TpcbExample &);
void operator = (const TpcbExample &);
};
//
// This program implements a basic TPC/B driver program. To create the
// TPC/B database, run with the -i (init) flag. The number of records
// with which to populate the account, history, branch, and teller tables
// is specified by the a, s, b, and t flags respectively. To run a TPC/B
// test, use the n flag to indicate a number of transactions to run (note
// that you can run many of these processes in parallel to simulate a
// multiuser test run).
//
#define TELLERS_PER_BRANCH 100
#define ACCOUNTS_PER_TELLER 1000
#define HISTORY_PER_BRANCH 2592000
/*
* The default configuration that adheres to TPCB scaling rules requires
* nearly 3 GB of space. To avoid requiring that much space for testing,
* we set the parameters much lower. If you want to run a valid 10 TPS
* configuration, define VALID_SCALING.
*/
#ifdef VALID_SCALING
#define ACCOUNTS 1000000
#define BRANCHES 10
#define TELLERS 100
#define HISTORY 25920000
#endif
#ifdef TINY
#define ACCOUNTS 1000
#define BRANCHES 10
#define TELLERS 100
#define HISTORY 10000
#endif
#if !defined(VALID_SCALING) && !defined(TINY)
#define ACCOUNTS 100000
#define BRANCHES 10
#define TELLERS 100
#define HISTORY 259200
#endif
#define HISTORY_LEN 100
#define RECLEN 100
#define BEGID 1000000
struct Defrec {
u_int32_t id;
u_int32_t balance;
u_int8_t pad[RECLEN - sizeof(u_int32_t) - sizeof(u_int32_t)];
};
struct Histrec {
u_int32_t aid;
u_int32_t bid;
u_int32_t tid;
u_int32_t amount;
u_int8_t pad[RECLEN - 4 * sizeof(u_int32_t)];
};
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
unsigned long seed;
int accounts, branches, tellers, history;
int iflag, mpool, ntxns, txn_no_sync;
const char *home;
char *endarg;
home = "TESTDIR";
accounts = branches = history = tellers = 0;
txn_no_sync = 0;
mpool = ntxns = 0;
verbose = 0;
iflag = 0;
seed = (unsigned long)time(NULL);
for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
if (strcmp(argv[i], "-a") == 0) {
// Number of account records
if ((accounts = atoi(argv[++i])) <= 0)
return (invarg('a', argv[i]));
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-b") == 0) {
// Number of branch records
if ((branches = atoi(argv[++i])) <= 0)
return (invarg('b', argv[i]));
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-c") == 0) {
// Cachesize in bytes
if ((mpool = atoi(argv[++i])) <= 0)
return (invarg('c', argv[i]));
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-f") == 0) {
// Fast mode: no txn sync.
txn_no_sync = 1;
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-h") == 0) {
// DB home.
home = argv[++i];
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-i") == 0) {
// Initialize the test.
iflag = 1;
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-n") == 0) {
// Number of transactions
if ((ntxns = atoi(argv[++i])) <= 0)
return (invarg('n', argv[i]));
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-S") == 0) {
// Random number seed.
seed = strtoul(argv[++i], &endarg, 0);
if (*endarg != '\0')
return (invarg('S', argv[i]));
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-s") == 0) {
// Number of history records
if ((history = atoi(argv[++i])) <= 0)
return (invarg('s', argv[i]));
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-t") == 0) {
// Number of teller records
if ((tellers = atoi(argv[++i])) <= 0)
return (invarg('t', argv[i]));
}
else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-v") == 0) {
// Verbose option.
verbose = 1;
}
else {
return (usage());
}
}
srand((unsigned int)seed);
accounts = accounts == 0 ? ACCOUNTS : accounts;
branches = branches == 0 ? BRANCHES : branches;
tellers = tellers == 0 ? TELLERS : tellers;
history = history == 0 ? HISTORY : history;
if (verbose)
cout << (long)accounts << " Accounts, "
<< (long)branches << " Branches, "
<< (long)tellers << " Tellers, "
<< (long)history << " History\n";
try {
// Initialize the database environment.
// Must be done in within a try block, unless you
// change the error model in the environment options.
//
TpcbExample app(home, mpool, txn_no_sync ? DB_TXN_NOSYNC : 0);
if (iflag) {
if (ntxns != 0)
return (usage());
app.populate(accounts, branches, history, tellers);
}
else {
if (ntxns == 0)
return (usage());
app.run(ntxns, accounts, branches, tellers);
}
app.close(0);
return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
catch (DbException &dbe) {
cerr << "TpcbExample: " << dbe.what() << "\n";
return (EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
static int
invarg(int arg, char *str)
{
cerr << "TpcbExample: invalid argument for -"
<< (char)arg << ": " << str << "\n";
return (EXIT_FAILURE);
}
static int
usage()
{
cerr << "usage: TpcbExample [-fiv] [-a accounts] [-b branches]\n"
<< " [-c cachesize] [-h home] [-n transactions ]\n"
<< " [-S seed] [-s history] [-t tellers]\n";
return (EXIT_FAILURE);
}
TpcbExample::TpcbExample(const char *home, int cachesize, int flags)
: DbEnv(0)
{
u_int32_t local_flags;
set_error_stream(&cerr);
set_errpfx("TpcbExample");
(void)set_cachesize(0, cachesize == 0 ?
4 * 1024 * 1024 : (u_int32_t)cachesize, 0);
if (flags & (DB_TXN_NOSYNC))
set_flags(DB_TXN_NOSYNC, 1);
flags &= ~(DB_TXN_NOSYNC);
local_flags = flags | DB_CREATE | DB_INIT_LOCK | DB_INIT_LOG |
DB_INIT_MPOOL | DB_INIT_TXN;
open(home, local_flags, 0);
}
//
// Initialize the database to the specified number of accounts, branches,
// history records, and tellers.
//
void
TpcbExample::populate(int accounts, int branches, int history, int tellers)
{
Db *dbp;
int err;
u_int32_t balance, idnum;
u_int32_t end_anum, end_bnum, end_tnum;
u_int32_t start_anum, start_bnum, start_tnum;
idnum = BEGID;
balance = 500000;
dbp = new Db(this, 0);
dbp->set_h_nelem((unsigned int)accounts);
if ((err = dbp->open(NULL, "account", NULL, DB_HASH,
DB_CREATE, 0644)) != 0) {
DbException except("Account file create failed", err);
throw except;
}
start_anum = idnum;
populateTable(dbp, idnum, balance, accounts, "account");
idnum += accounts;
end_anum = idnum - 1;
if ((err = dbp->close(0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Account file close failed", err);
throw except;
}
delete dbp;
if (verbose)
cout << "Populated accounts: "
<< (long)start_anum << " - " << (long)end_anum << "\n";
dbp = new Db(this, 0);
//
// Since the number of branches is very small, we want to use very
// small pages and only 1 key per page. This is the poor-man's way
// of getting key locking instead of page locking.
//
dbp->set_h_ffactor(1);
dbp->set_h_nelem((unsigned int)branches);
dbp->set_pagesize(512);
if ((err = dbp->open(NULL, "branch", NULL, DB_HASH,
DB_CREATE, 0644)) != 0) {
DbException except("Branch file create failed", err);
throw except;
}
start_bnum = idnum;
populateTable(dbp, idnum, balance, branches, "branch");
idnum += branches;
end_bnum = idnum - 1;
if ((err = dbp->close(0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Close of branch file failed", err);
throw except;
}
delete dbp;
if (verbose)
cout << "Populated branches: "
<< (long)start_bnum << " - " << (long)end_bnum << "\n";
dbp = new Db(this, 0);
//
// In the case of tellers, we also want small pages, but we'll let
// the fill factor dynamically adjust itself.
//
dbp->set_h_ffactor(0);
dbp->set_h_nelem((unsigned int)tellers);
dbp->set_pagesize(512);
if ((err = dbp->open(NULL, "teller", NULL, DB_HASH,
DB_CREATE, 0644)) != 0) {
DbException except("Teller file create failed", err);
throw except;
}
start_tnum = idnum;
populateTable(dbp, idnum, balance, tellers, "teller");
idnum += tellers;
end_tnum = idnum - 1;
if ((err = dbp->close(0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Close of teller file failed", err);
throw except;
}
delete dbp;
if (verbose)
cout << "Populated tellers: "
<< (long)start_tnum << " - " << (long)end_tnum << "\n";
dbp = new Db(this, 0);
dbp->set_re_len(HISTORY_LEN);
if ((err = dbp->open(NULL, "history", NULL, DB_RECNO,
DB_CREATE, 0644)) != 0) {
DbException except("Create of history file failed", err);
throw except;
}
populateHistory(dbp, history, accounts, branches, tellers);
if ((err = dbp->close(0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Close of history file failed", err);
throw except;
}
delete dbp;
}
void
TpcbExample::populateTable(Db *dbp,
u_int32_t start_id, u_int32_t balance,
int nrecs, const char *msg)
{
Defrec drec;
memset(&drec.pad[0], 1, sizeof(drec.pad));
Dbt kdbt(&drec.id, sizeof(u_int32_t));
Dbt ddbt(&drec, sizeof(drec));
for (int i = 0; i < nrecs; i++) {
drec.id = start_id + (u_int32_t)i;
drec.balance = balance;
int err;
if ((err =
dbp->put(NULL, &kdbt, &ddbt, DB_NOOVERWRITE)) != 0) {
cerr << "Failure initializing " << msg << " file: "
<< strerror(err) << "\n";
DbException except("failure initializing file", err);
throw except;
}
}
}
void
TpcbExample::populateHistory(Db *dbp, int nrecs, u_int32_t accounts,
u_int32_t branches, u_int32_t tellers)
{
Histrec hrec;
memset(&hrec.pad[0], 1, sizeof(hrec.pad));
hrec.amount = 10;
db_recno_t key;
Dbt kdbt(&key, sizeof(u_int32_t));
Dbt ddbt(&hrec, sizeof(hrec));
for (int i = 1; i <= nrecs; i++) {
hrec.aid = random_id(ACCOUNT, accounts, branches, tellers);
hrec.bid = random_id(BRANCH, accounts, branches, tellers);
hrec.tid = random_id(TELLER, accounts, branches, tellers);
int err;
key = (db_recno_t)i;
if ((err = dbp->put(NULL, &kdbt, &ddbt, DB_APPEND)) != 0) {
DbException except("failure initializing history file",
err);
throw except;
}
}
}
u_int32_t
random_int(u_int32_t lo, u_int32_t hi)
{
u_int32_t ret;
int t;
t = rand();
ret = (u_int32_t)(((double)t / ((double)(RAND_MAX) + 1)) *
(hi - lo + 1));
ret += lo;
return (ret);
}
u_int32_t
random_id(FTYPE type, u_int32_t accounts, u_int32_t branches, u_int32_t tellers)
{
u_int32_t min, max, num;
max = min = BEGID;
num = accounts;
switch (type) {
case TELLER:
min += branches;
num = tellers;
// Fallthrough
case BRANCH:
if (type == BRANCH)
num = branches;
min += accounts;
// Fallthrough
case ACCOUNT:
max = min + num - 1;
}
return (random_int(min, max));
}
void
TpcbExample::run(int n, int accounts, int branches, int tellers)
{
Db *adb, *bdb, *hdb, *tdb;
int failed, ret, txns;
time_t start_time, end_time;
//
// Open the database files.
//
int err;
adb = new Db(this, 0);
if ((err = adb->open(NULL, "account", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Open of account file failed", err);
throw except;
}
bdb = new Db(this, 0);
if ((err = bdb->open(NULL, "branch", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Open of branch file failed", err);
throw except;
}
tdb = new Db(this, 0);
if ((err = tdb->open(NULL, "teller", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Open of teller file failed", err);
throw except;
}
hdb = new Db(this, 0);
if ((err = hdb->open(NULL, "history", NULL, DB_UNKNOWN,
DB_AUTO_COMMIT, 0)) != 0) {
DbException except("Open of history file failed", err);
throw except;
}
(void)time(&start_time);
for (txns = n, failed = 0; n-- > 0;)
if ((ret = txn(adb, bdb, tdb, hdb,
accounts, branches, tellers)) != 0)
++failed;
(void)time(&end_time);
if (end_time == start_time)
++end_time;
// We use printf because it provides much simpler
// formatting than iostreams.
//
printf("%s: %d txns: %d failed, %.2f TPS\n", progname, txns, failed,
(txns - failed) / (double)(end_time - start_time));
(void)adb->close(0);
(void)bdb->close(0);
(void)tdb->close(0);
(void)hdb->close(0);
}
//
// XXX Figure out the appropriate way to pick out IDs.
//
int
TpcbExample::txn(Db *adb, Db *bdb, Db *tdb, Db *hdb,
int accounts, int branches, int tellers)
{
Dbc *acurs = NULL;
Dbc *bcurs = NULL;
Dbc *tcurs = NULL;
DbTxn *t = NULL;
db_recno_t key;
Defrec rec;
Histrec hrec;
int account, branch, teller, ret;
Dbt d_dbt;
Dbt d_histdbt;
Dbt k_dbt;
Dbt k_histdbt(&key, sizeof(key));
// !!!
// This is sample code -- we could move a lot of this into the driver
// to make it faster.
//
account = random_id(ACCOUNT, accounts, branches, tellers);
branch = random_id(BRANCH, accounts, branches, tellers);
teller = random_id(TELLER, accounts, branches, tellers);
k_dbt.set_size(sizeof(int));
d_dbt.set_flags(DB_DBT_USERMEM);
d_dbt.set_data(&rec);
d_dbt.set_ulen(sizeof(rec));
hrec.aid = account;
hrec.bid = branch;
hrec.tid = teller;
hrec.amount = 10;
// Request 0 bytes since we're just positioning.
d_histdbt.set_flags(DB_DBT_PARTIAL);
// START PER-TRANSACTION TIMING.
//
// Technically, TPCB requires a limit on response time, you only get
// to count transactions that complete within 2 seconds. That's not
// an issue for this sample application -- regardless, here's where
// the transaction begins.
if (txn_begin(NULL, &t, 0) != 0)
goto err;
if (adb->cursor(t, &acurs, 0) != 0 ||
bdb->cursor(t, &bcurs, 0) != 0 ||
tdb->cursor(t, &tcurs, 0) != 0)
goto err;
// Account record
k_dbt.set_data(&account);
if (acurs->get(&k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_SET) != 0)
goto err;
rec.balance += 10;
if (acurs->put(&k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_CURRENT) != 0)
goto err;
// Branch record
k_dbt.set_data(&branch);
if (bcurs->get(&k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_SET) != 0)
goto err;
rec.balance += 10;
if (bcurs->put(&k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_CURRENT) != 0)
goto err;
// Teller record
k_dbt.set_data(&teller);
if (tcurs->get(&k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_SET) != 0)
goto err;
rec.balance += 10;
if (tcurs->put(&k_dbt, &d_dbt, DB_CURRENT) != 0)
goto err;
// History record
d_histdbt.set_flags(0);
d_histdbt.set_data(&hrec);
d_histdbt.set_ulen(sizeof(hrec));
if (hdb->put(t, &k_histdbt, &d_histdbt, DB_APPEND) != 0)
goto err;
if (acurs->close() != 0 || bcurs->close() != 0 || tcurs->close() != 0)
goto err;
ret = t->commit(0);
t = NULL;
if (ret != 0)
goto err;
// END PER-TRANSACTION TIMING.
return (0);
err:
if (acurs != NULL)
(void)acurs->close();
if (bcurs != NULL)
(void)bcurs->close();
if (tcurs != NULL)
(void)tcurs->close();
if (t != NULL)
(void)t->abort();
if (verbose)
cout << "Transaction A=" << (long)account
<< " B=" << (long)branch
<< " T=" << (long)teller << " failed\n";
return (-1);
}
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