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--- A UPNP library based on code from upnp-info initially written by
-- Thomas Buchanan. The code was factored out from upnp-info and partly
-- re-written by Patrik Karlsson <patrik@cqure.net> in order to support
-- multicast requests.
--
-- The library supports sending UPnP requests and decoding the responses
--
-- The library contains the following classes
-- * <code>Comm</code>
-- ** A class that handles communication with the UPnP service
-- * <code>Helper</code>
-- ** The helper class wraps the <code>Comm</code> class using functions with a more descriptive name.
-- * <code>Util</code>
-- ** The <code>Util</code> class contains a number of static functions mainly used to convert and sort data.
--
-- The following code snipplet queries all UPnP services on the network:
-- <code>
-- local helper = upnp.Helper:new()
-- helper:setMulticast(true)
-- return stdnse.format_output(helper:queryServices())
-- </code>
--
-- This next snipplet queries a specific host for the same information:
-- <code>
-- local helper = upnp.Helper:new(host, port)
-- return stdnse.format_output(helper:queryServices())
-- </code>
--
--
-- @author "Thomas Buchanan, Patrik Karlsson <patrik@cqure.net>"
--
-- Version 0.1
--
module(... or "upnp", package.seeall)
require("strbuf")
require("target")
require("http")
Util = {
--- Converts a string ip to a numeric value suitable for comparing
--
-- @param ip string containing the ip to convert
-- @return number containing the converted ip
ipToNumber = function(ip)
local o1, o2, o3, o4 = ip:match("^(%d*)%.(%d*)%.(%d*)%.(%d*)$")
return (256^3) * o1 + (256^2) * o2 + (256^1) * o3 + (256^0) * o4
end,
--- Compare function used for sorting IP-addresses
--
-- @param a table containing first item
-- @param b table containing second item
-- @return true if the port of a is less than the port of b
ipCompare = function(a, b)
local ip_a = Util.ipToNumber(a.name)
local ip_b = Util.ipToNumber(b.name)
if ( tonumber(ip_a) < tonumber(ip_b) ) then
return true
end
return false
end
}
Comm = {
--- Creates a new Comm instance
--
-- @param host string containing the host name or ip
-- @param port number containing the port to connect to
-- @return o a new instance of Comm
new = function( self, host, port )
local o = {}
setmetatable(o, self)
self.__index = self
o.host = host
o.port = port
o.mcast = false
return o
end,
--- Connect to the server
--
-- @return status true on success, false on failure
connect = function( self )
if ( self.mcast ) then
self.socket = nmap.new_socket("udp")
self.socket:set_timeout(5000)
else
self.socket = nmap.new_socket()
self.socket:set_timeout(5000)
local status, err = self.socket:connect(self.host, self.port, "udp" )
if ( not(status) ) then return false, err end
end
return true
end,
--- Send the UPNP discovery request to the server
--
-- @return status true on success, false on failure
sendRequest = function( self )
local payload = strbuf.new()
-- for details about the UPnP message format, see http://upnp.org/resources/documents.asp
payload = payload .. "M-SEARCH * HTTP/1.1\r\n"
payload = payload .. "Host:239.255.255.250:1900\r\n"
payload = payload .. "ST:upnp:rootdevice\r\n"
payload = payload .. "Man:\"ssdp:discover\"\r\n"
payload = payload .. "MX:3\r\n\r\n"
local status, err
if ( self.mcast ) then
status, err = self.socket:sendto( self.host, self.port, strbuf.dump(payload) )
else
status, err = self.socket:send( strbuf.dump(payload) )
end
if ( not(status) ) then return false, err end
return true
end,
--- Receives one or multiple UPNP responses depending on whether
-- <code>setBroadcast</code> was enabled or not. The function returns the
-- status and a response containing:
-- * an array (table) of responses if broadcast is used
-- * a single response if broadcast is not in use
-- * an error message if status was false
--
-- @return status true on success, false on failure
-- @return result table or string containing results or error message
-- on failure.
receiveResponse = function( self )
local status, response
local result = {}
local host_responses = {}
repeat
status, response = self.socket:receive()
if ( not(status) and #response == 0 ) then
return false, response
elseif( not(status) ) then
break
end
local status, _, _, ip, _ = self.socket:get_info()
if ( not(status) ) then
return false, "Failed to retrieve socket information"
end
if target.ALLOW_NEW_TARGETS then target.add(ip) end
if ( not(host_responses[ip]) ) then
local status, output = self:decodeResponse( response )
if ( not(status) ) then
return false, "Failed to decode UPNP response"
end
output = { output }
output.name = ip
table.insert( result, output )
host_responses[ip] = true
end
until ( not( self.mcast ) )
if ( self.mcast ) then
table.sort(result, Util.ipCompare)
return true, result
end
if ( status and #result > 0 ) then
return true, result[1]
else
return false, "Received no responses"
end
end,
--- Processes a response from a upnp device
--
-- @param response as received over the socket
-- @return status boolean true on success, false on failure
-- @return response table or string suitable for output or error message if status is false
decodeResponse = function( self, response )
local output = {}
if response ~= nil then
-- We should get a response back that has contains one line for the server, and one line for the xml file location
-- these match any combination of upper and lower case responses
local server, location
server = string.match(response, "[Ss][Ee][Rr][Vv][Ee][Rr]:%s*(.-)\010")
if server ~= nil then table.insert(output, "Server: " .. server ) end
location = string.match(response, "[Ll][Oo][Cc][Aa][Tt][Ii][Oo][Nn]:%s*(.-)\010")
if location ~= nil then
table.insert(output, "Location: " .. location )
local v = nmap.verbosity()
-- the following check can output quite a lot of information, so we require at least one -v flag
if v > 0 then
local status, result = self:retrieveXML( location )
if status then
table.insert(output, result)
end
end
end
if #output > 0 then
return true, output
else
return false, "Could not decode response"
end
end
end,
--- Retrieves the XML file that describes the UPNP device
--
-- @param location string containing the location of the XML file from the UPNP response
-- @return status boolean true on success, false on failure
-- @return response table or string suitable for output or error message if status is false
retrieveXML = function( self, location )
local response
local options = {}
options['header'] = {}
options['header']['Accept'] = "text/xml, application/xml, text/html"
-- if we're in multicast mode, or if the user doesn't want us to override the IP address,
-- just use the HTTP library to grab the XML file
if ( self.mcast or ( not self.override ) ) then
response = http.get_url( location, options )
else
-- otherwise, split the location into an IP address, port, and path name for the xml file
local xhost, xport, xfile
xhost = string.match(location, "http://(.-)/")
-- check to see if the host portion of the location specifies a port
-- if not, use port 80 as a standard web server port
if xhost ~= nil and string.match(xhost, ":") then
xport = string.match(xhost, ":(.*)")
xhost = string.match(xhost, "(.*):")
end
-- check to see if the IP address returned matches the IP address we scanned
if xhost ~= self.host.ip then
stdnse.print_debug("IP addresses did not match! Found %s, using %s instead.", xhost, self.host.ip)
xhost = self.host.ip
end
if xport == nil then
xport = 80
end
-- extract the path name from the location field, but strip off the \r that HTTP servers return
xfile = string.match(location, "http://.-(/.-)\013")
if xfile ~= nil then
response = http.get( xhost, xport, xfile, options )
end
end
if response ~= nil then
local output = {}
-- extract information about the webserver that is handling responses for the UPnP system
local webserver = response['header']['server']
if webserver ~= nil then table.insert(output, "Webserver: " .. webserver) end
-- the schema for UPnP includes a number of <device> entries, which can a number of interesting fields
for device in string.gmatch(response['body'], "<deviceType>(.-)</UDN>") do
local fn, mnf, mdl, nm, ver
fn = string.match(device, "<friendlyName>(.-)</friendlyName>")
mnf = string.match(device, "<manufacturer>(.-)</manufacturer>")
mdl = string.match(device, "<modelDescription>(.-)</modelDescription>")
nm = string.match(device, "<modelName>(.-)</modelName>")
ver = string.match(device, "<modelNumber>(.-)</modelNumber>")
if fn ~= nil then table.insert(output, "Name: " .. fn) end
if mnf ~= nil then table.insert(output,"Manufacturer: " .. mnf) end
if mdl ~= nil then table.insert(output,"Model Descr: " .. mdl) end
if nm ~= nil then table.insert(output,"Model Name: " .. nm) end
if ver ~= nil then table.insert(output,"Model Version: " .. ver) end
end
return true, output
else
return false, "Could not retrieve XML file"
end
end,
--- Enables or disables multicast support
--
-- @param mcast boolean true if multicast is to be used, false otherwise
setMulticast = function( self, mcast )
assert( type(mcast)=="boolean", "mcast has to be either true or false")
self.mcast = mcast
self.host = "239.255.255.250"
self.port = 1900
end,
--- Closes the socket
close = function( self ) self.socket:close() end
}
Helper = {
--- Creates a new helper instance
--
-- @param host string containing the host name or ip
-- @param port number containing the port to connect to
-- @return o a new instance of Helper
new = function( self, host, port )
local o = {}
setmetatable(o, self)
self.__index = self
o.comm = Comm:new( host, port )
return o
end,
--- Enables or disables multicast support
--
-- @param mcast boolean true if multicast is to be used, false otherwise
setMulticast = function( self, mcast ) self.comm:setMulticast(mcast) end,
--- Enables or disables whether the script will override the IP address is the Location URL
--
-- @param override boolean true if override is to be enabled, false otherwise
setOverride = function( self, override )
assert( type(override)=="boolean", "override has to be either true or false")
self.comm.override = override
end,
--- Sends a UPnP queries and collects a single or multiple responses
--
-- @return status true on success, false on failure
-- @return result table or string containing results or error message
-- on failure.
queryServices = function( self )
local status, err = self.comm:connect()
local response
if ( not(status) ) then return false, err end
status, err = self.comm:sendRequest()
if ( not(status) ) then return false, err end
status, response = self.comm:receiveResponse()
self.comm:close()
return status, response
end,
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