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<title>TIFFCROP</title>
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<h1 align=center>TIFFCROP</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a><br>
<a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<hr>
<a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
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<p>tiffcrop − copy, convert, crop, extract, or process
a <small>TIFF</small> file</p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
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<p><b>tiffcrop</b> [ <i>options</i> ] <i>src1.tif ...
srcN.tif dst.tif</i></p>
</td>
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<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> combines one or more files created
according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a
single <small>TIFF</small> file. The output file may be
compressed using a different algorithm than the input files.
<i>tiffcrop</i> is most often used to extract portions of an
image for processing with bar code recognizer or OCR
software when that software cannot restrict the region of
interest to a specific portion of the image or to improve
efficiency when the regions of interest must be rotated. It
can also be used to subdivide all or part of a processed
image into smaller sections.</p>
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<p>Functions are applied to the input image in the following
order:</p></td>
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<pre>cropping, fixed area extraction, zones, inversion, mirroring, rotation.
</pre>
</td>
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<p>Functions are applied to the output image in the
following order:</p></td>
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<td width="82%">
<p>output resolution, output margins, rows and columns
<b>or</b> page size divisions, orientation options, strip,
tile, byte order, and compression options.</p></td>
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<p>By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will copy all the understood
tags in a <small>TIFF</small> directory of an input file to
the associated directory in the output file. Options can be
used to force the resultant image to be written as strips or
tiles of data, respectively.</p>
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<p><i>tiffcrop</i> can be used to reorganize the storage
characteristics of data in a file, and to reorganize,
extract, rotate, and otherwise process the image data as
specified at the same time whereas tiffcp does not alter the
image data itself.</p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="OPTIONS"></a>
<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
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<p><b>−N odd|even|#,#-#,#|last</b></p></td>
</table>
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<td width="80%">
<p>Specify one or more series or range(s) of images within
file to process. The words <b>odd</b> or <b>even</b> may be
used to specify all odd or even numbered images. The word
<b>last</b> may be used in place of a number in the sequence
to indicate the final image in the file without knowing how
many images there are. Ranges of images may be specified
with a dash and multiple sets can be indicated by joining
them in a comma-separated list. eg. use <b>−N
1,5-7,last</b> to process the 1st, 5th through 7th, and
final image in the file.</p>
</td>
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<td width="91%">
<p><b>−E top|bottom|left|right</b></p></td>
</table>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the top, bottom, left, or right edge as the
reference from which to calcuate the width and length of
crop regions or sequence of postions for zones. May be
abbreviated to first letter.</p>
</td>
</table>
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<td width="91%">
<p><b>−U in|cm|px</b></p></td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the type of units to apply to dimensions for
margins and crop regions for input and output images. Inches
or centimeters are converted to pixels using the resolution
unit specified in the TIFF file (which defaults to inches if
not specified in the IFD).</p>
</td>
</table>
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<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="91%">
<p><b>−m #,#,#,#</b></p></td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify margins to be removed from the input image. The
order must be top, left, bottom, right with only commas
separating the elements of the list. Margins are scaled
according to the current units and removed before any other
extractions are computed. Captial M was in use.</p>
</td>
</table>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>−X #</b></p>
</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Set the horizontal (X-axis) dimension of a region to
extract relative to the specified origin reference. If the
origin is the top or bottom edge, the X axis value will be
assumed to start at the left edge.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>−Y #</b></p>
</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Set the vertical (Y-axis) dimension of a region to
extract relative to the specified origin reference. If the
origin is the left or right edge, the Y axis value will be
assumed to start at the top.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
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<p><b>−Z #:#,#:#</b></p></td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify zones of the image designated as position X of Y
equal sized portions measured from the reference edge, eg
1:3 would be first third of the image starting from the
reference edge minus any margins specified for the confining
edges. Multiple zones can be specified as a comma separated
list but they must reference the same edge. To extract the
top quarter and the bottom third of an image you would use
<b>−Z 1:4,3:3.</b></p>
</td>
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<p><b>−F horiz|vert</b></p></td>
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<td width="80%">
<p>Flip, ie mirror, the image or extracted region
horizontally or vertically.</p>
</td>
</table>
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<p><b>−R 90|180|270</b></p></td>
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<td width="80%">
<p>Rotate the image or extracted region 90, 180, or 270
degrees clockwise.</p>
</td>
</table>
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<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>−I</b></p>
</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Invert the colorspace values for grayscale and bilevel
images. This would be used to correct negative images that
have incorrect PHOTMETRIC INTERPRETATION tags. No support
for color images.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>−H #</b></p>
</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Set the horizontal resolution of output images to #
expressed in the current units.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>−V #</b></p>
</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Set the vertical resolution of the output images to #
expressed in the current units.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>−J #</b></p>
</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Set the horizontal margin of an output page size to #
expressed in the current units.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="6%">
<p><b>−K #</b></p>
</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Set the vertical margin of an output page size to #
expressed in the current units.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
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<p><b>−O portrait|landscape|auto</b></p></td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Set the output orientation of the pages or sections. Auto
will use the arrangement that requires the fewest pages.</p>
</td>
</table>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="8%"></td>
<td width="91%">
<p><b>−S cols:rows</b></p></td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Divide each image into cols across and rows down equal
sections.</p>
</td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
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<td width="91%">
<p><b>−P page</b></p></td>
</table>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Format the output images to fit on page size paper. Use
-P list to show the supported page sizes and dimensions.</p>
</td>
</table>
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cols="5" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−B</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order.
This option only has an effect when the output file is
created or overwritten and not when it is appended to.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−C</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Suppress the use of ‘‘strip
chopping’’ when reading images that have a
single strip/tile of uncompressed data.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−c</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the compression to use for data written to the
output file: <b>none</b> for no compression, <b>packbits</b>
for PackBits compression, <b>lzw</b> for Lempel-Ziv &
Welch compression, <b>jpeg</b> for baseline JPEG
compression, <b>zip</b> for Deflate compression, <b>g3</b>
for CCITT Group 3 (T.4) compression, and <b>g4</b> for CCITT
Group 4 (T.6) compression. By default <i>tiffcrop</i> will
compress data according to the value of the
<i>Compression</i> tag found in the source file.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
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<td width="82%">
<p>The <small>CCITT</small> Group 3 and Group 4 compression
algorithms can only be used with bilevel data.</p>
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<p>Group 3 compression can be specified together with
several T.4-specific options: <b>1d</b> for 1-dimensional
encoding, <b>2d</b> for 2-dimensional encoding, and
<b>fill</b> to force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled
so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary.
Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a
‘‘:’’-separated list to the
‘‘g3’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
g3:2d:fill</b> to get 2D-encoded data with byte-aligned EOL
codes.</p>
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<p><small>LZW</small> compression can be specified together
with a <i>predictor</i> value. A predictor value of 2 causes
each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal
differencing before it is encoded; a value of 1 forces each
scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific
options are specified by appending a
‘‘:’’-separated list to the
‘‘lzw’’ option; e.g. <b>−c
lzw:2</b> for <small>LZW</small> compression with horizontal
differencing.</p>
</td>
</table>
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<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−f</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the bit fill order to use in writing output
data. By default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file
with the same fill order as the original. Specifying
<b>−f lsb2msb</b> will force data to be written with
the FillOrder tag set to <small>LSB2MSB,</small> while
<b>−f msb2lsb</b> will force data to be written with
the FillOrder tag set to <small>MSB2LSB.</small></p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−i</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Ignore non-fatal read errors and continue processing of
the input file.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−l</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the length of a tile (in pixels).
<i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the tile dimensions so that
no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−L</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte
order. This option only has an effect when the output file
is created or overwritten and not when it is appended
to.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−M</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading
images.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−p</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the planar configuration to use in writing image
data that has more than one 8-bit sample per pixel. By
default, <i>tiffcrop</i> will create a new file with the
same planar configuration as the original. Specifying
<b>−p contig</b> will force data to be written with
multi-sample data packed together, while <b>−p
separate</b> will force samples to be written in separate
planes.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−r</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the number of rows (scanlines) in each strip of
data written to the output file. By default (or when value
<b>0</b> is specified), <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts to set the
rows/strip that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a
strip. If you specify the special value <b>-1</b> it will
results in infinite number of the rows per strip. The entire
image will be the one strip in that case.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−s</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in strips (rather than tiles).</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−t</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Force the output file to be written with data organized
in tiles (rather than strips).</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="10%"></td>
<td width="3%">
<p><b>−w</b></p>
</td>
<td width="5%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>Specify the width of a tile (in pixels). <i>tiffcrop</i>
attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8
kilobytes of data appear in a tile. <i>tiffcrop</i> attempts
to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes
of data appear in a tile.</p>
</td>
<td width="0%">
</td>
</table>
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<p><b>−,={character}</b></p></td>
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<td width="19%"></td>
<td width="80%">
<p>substitute {character} for ’,’ in parsing
image directory indices in files. This is necessary if
filenames contain commas. Note that ’,=’ with
whitespace immediately following will disable the special
meaning of the ’,’ entirely. See examples.</p>
</td>
</table>
<a name="EXAMPLES"></a>
<h2>EXAMPLES</h2>
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<td width="91%">
<p>The following concatenates two files and writes the
result using <small>LZW</small> encoding:</p></td>
</table>
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<td width="82%">
<pre>tiffcrop -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif
</pre>
</td>
</table>
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<p>To convert a G3 1d-encoded <small>TIFF</small> to a
single strip of G4-encoded data the following might be
used:</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif
</pre>
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<p>(1000 is just a number that is larger than the number of
rows in the source file.)</p>
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<p>To extract a selected set of images from a multi-image
TIFF file use the -N option described above. Thus, to copy
the 1st and 3rd images of image file "album.tif"
to "result.tif":</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -N 1,3 album.tif result.tif
</pre>
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<p>Invert a bilevel image scan of a microfilmed document and
crop off margins of 0.25 inches on the left and right, 0.5
inch on the top, nad 0.75 inch on the bottom. From the
remaining portion of the image, select the second and third
quarters, ie, one half of the area left from the center to
each margin.</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -U in -m 0.5,0.25,0.75,0.25 -E left -Z 2:4,3:4 -I MicrofilmNegative.tif MicrofilmPostiveCenter.tif
</pre>
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<p>Extract only the final image of a large Architectural E
sized multipage TIFF file and rotate it 90 degrees clockwise
while reformatting the output to fit on tabloid sized sheets
with one quarter of an inch on each side:</p></td>
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<pre>tiffcrop -N last -R 90 -O auto -P tabloid -U in -J 0.25 -K 0.25 -H 300 -V 300 Big-PlatMap.tif BigPlatMap-Tabloid.tif
</pre>
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<p>The output images will have a specified resolution of 300
dpi in both directions. The orientation of each page will be
determined by whichever choice requires the fewest pages. To
specify a specific orientation, use the portrait or
landscape option.</p>
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<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
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<p><b>pal2rgb</b>(1), <b>tiffinfo</b>(1), <b>tiffcmp</b>(1),
<b>tiffcp</b>(1), <b>tiffmedian</b>(1), <b>tiffsplit</b>(1),
<b>libtiff</b>(3TIFF)</p>
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<p>Libtiff library home page:
<b>http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/</b></p>
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